As LTE and other wireless-based IoT technologies work through the standards process, they are being challenged by a number of proprietary approaches that use low power wide area network (LPWAN) technologies.
A number of these proprietary technologies like France's Sigfox are gaining some near-term momentum. Sigfox plans to install networks in 100 U.S. cities by the end of this year, for example.
Take a look at FierceWirelesTech's feature here.